Videodb

# VideoDB Skill

**Perception + memory + actions for video, live streams, and desktop sessions.**

Use this skill when you need to:

## 1) Desktop Perception
- Start/stop a **desktop session** capturing **screen, mic, and system audio**
- Stream **live context** and store **episodic session memory**
- Run **real-time alerts/triggers** on what’s spoken and what's happening on screen
- Produce **session summaries**, a searchable timeline, and **playable evidence links**

## 2) Video ingest + stream
- Ingest a **file or URL** and return a **playable web stream link**
- Transcode/normalize: **codec, bitrate, fps, resolution, aspect ratio**

## 3) Index + search (timestamps + evidence)
- Build **visual**, **spoken**, and **keyword** indexes
- Search and return exact moments with **timestamps** and **playable evidence**
- Auto-create **clips** from search results

## 4) Timeline editing + generation
- Subtitles: **generate**, **translate**, **burn-in**
- Overlays: **text/image/branding**, motion captions
- Audio: **background music**, **voiceover**, **dubbing**
- Programmatic composition and exports via **timeline operations**

## 5) Live streams (RTSP) + monitoring
- Connect **RTSP/live feeds**
- Run **real-time visual and spoken understanding** and emit **events/alerts** for monitoring workflows

---

## Common inputs
- Local **file path**, public **URL**, or **RTSP URL**
- Desktop capture request: **start / stop / summarize session**
- Desired operations: get context for understanding, transcode spec, index spec, search query, clip ranges, timeline edits, alert rules

## Common outputs
- **Stream URL** — make it playable: `https://console.videodb.io/player?url={STREAM_URL}`
- Search results with **timestamps** and **evidence links**
- Generated assets: subtitles, audio, images, clips
- **Event/alert payloads** for live streams
- Desktop **session summaries** and memory entries

---

## Canonical prompts (examples)
- “Start desktop capture and alert when a password field appears.”
- “Record my session and produce an actionable summary when it ends.”
- “Ingest this file and return a playable stream link.”
- “Index this folder and find every scene with people, return timestamps.”
- “Generate subtitles, burn them in, and add light background music.”
- “Connect this RTSP URL and alert when a person enters the zone.”


## Running Python code

**CRITICAL:** Always `cd` to the user's project directory before running Python code. This ensures `load_dotenv(".env")` finds the correct `.env` file.

```python
from dotenv import load_dotenv
load_dotenv(".env")

import videodb
conn = videodb.connect()
```

This reads `VIDEO_DB_API_KEY` from:
1. Environment (if already exported)
2. Project's `.env` file in current directory

If the key is missing, `videodb.connect()` raises `AuthenticationError` automatically.

Do NOT write a script file when a short inline command works.

When writing inline Python (`python -c "..."`), always use properly formatted code — use semicolons to separate statements and keep it readable. For anything longer than ~3 statements, use a heredoc instead:

```bash
python << 'EOF'
from dotenv import load_dotenv
load_dotenv(".env")

import videodb
conn = videodb.connect()
coll = conn.get_collection()
print(f"Videos: {len(coll.get_videos())}")
EOF
```

## Setup

When the user asks to "setup videodb" or similar:

### 1. Install SDK

```bash
pip install "videodb[capture]" python-dotenv
```

If `videodb[capture]` fails on Linux, install without the capture extra:

```bash
pip install videodb python-dotenv
```

### 2. Configure API key

The user must set `VIDEO_DB_API_KEY` using **either** method:

- **Export in terminal (recommended)**: `export VIDEO_DB_API_KEY=your-key`
- **Project `.env` file**: Save `VIDEO_DB_API_KEY=your-key` in the project's `.env` file

Get a free API key at https://console.videodb.io (50 free uploads, no credit card).

**Do NOT** read, write, or handle the API key yourself. Always let the user set it.

## Quick Reference

### Upload media

```python
# URL
video = coll.upload(url="https://example.com/video.mp4")

# YouTube
video = coll.upload(url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VIDEO_ID")

# Local file
video = coll.upload(file_path="/path/to/video.mp4")
```

### Transcript + subtitle

```python
# force=True skips the error if the video is already indexed
video.index_spoken_words(force=True)
text = video.get_transcript_text()
stream_url = video.add_subtitle()
```

### Search inside videos

```python
from videodb.exceptions import InvalidRequestError

video.index_spoken_words(force=True)

# search() raises InvalidRequestError when no results are found.
# Always wrap in try/except and treat "No results found" as empty.
try:
    results = video.search("product demo")
    shots = results.get_shots()
    stream_url = results.compile()
except InvalidRequestError as e:
    if "No results found" in str(e):
        shots = []
    else:
        raise
```

### Scene search

```python
import re
from videodb import SearchType, IndexType, SceneExtractionType
from videodb.exceptions import InvalidRequestError

# index_scenes() has no force parameter — it raises an error if a scene
# index already exists. Extract the existing index ID from the error.
try:
    scene_index_id = video.index_scenes(
        extraction_type=SceneExtractionType.shot_based,
        prompt="Describe the visual content in this scene.",
    )
except Exception as e:
    match = re.search(r"id\s+([a-f0-9]+)", str(e))
    if match:
        scene_index_id = match.group(1)
    else:
        raise

# Use score_threshold to filter low-relevance noise (recommended: 0.3+)
try:
    results = video.search(
        query="person writing on a whiteboard",
        search_type=SearchType.semantic,
        index_type=IndexType.scene,
        scene_index_id=scene_index_id,
        score_threshold=0.3,
    )
    shots = results.get_shots()
    stream_url = results.compile()
except InvalidRequestError as e:
    if "No results found" in str(e):
        shots = []
    else:
        raise
```

### Timeline editing

Use the Editor API to compose videos, images, audio, and text. See [reference/editor.md](reference/editor.md) for full workflow.

```python
from videodb.editor import Timeline, Track, Clip, VideoAsset, ImageAsset, AudioAsset, Fit

timeline = Timeline(conn)
timeline.resolution = "1280x720"

video_track = Track()
video_track.add_clip(0, Clip(asset=VideoAsset(id=video.id, start=10), duration=20))

audio_track = Track()
audio_track.add_clip(0, Clip(asset=AudioAsset(id=music.id, volume=0.2), duration=20))

timeline.add_track(video_track)
timeline.add_track(audio_track)
stream_url = timeline.generate_stream()
```

### Transcode video (resolution / quality change)

```python
from videodb import TranscodeMode, VideoConfig, AudioConfig

# Change resolution, quality, or aspect ratio server-side
job_id = conn.transcode(
    source="https://example.com/video.mp4",
    callback_url="https://example.com/webhook",
    mode=TranscodeMode.economy,
    video_config=VideoConfig(resolution=720, quality=23, aspect_ratio="16:9"),
    audio_config=AudioConfig(mute=False),
)
```

### Reframe aspect ratio (for social platforms)

**Warning:** `reframe()` is a slow server-side operation. For long videos it can take
several minutes and may time out. Best practices:
- Always limit to a short segment using `start`/`end` when possible
- For full-length videos, use `callback_url` for async processing
- Trim the video on a `Timeline` first, then reframe the shorter result

```python
from videodb import ReframeMode

# Always prefer reframing a short segment:
reframed = video.reframe(start=0, end=60, target="vertical", mode=ReframeMode.smart)

# Async reframe for full-length videos (returns None, result via webhook):
video.reframe(target="vertical", callback_url="https://example.com/webhook")

# Presets: "vertical" (9:16), "square" (1:1), "landscape" (16:9)
reframed = video.reframe(start=0, end=60, target="square")

# Custom dimensions
reframed = video.reframe(start=0, end=60, target={"width": 1280, "height": 720})
```

### Generative media

```python
image = coll.generate_image(
    prompt="a sunset over mountains",
    aspect_ratio="16:9",
)
```

## Error handling

```python
from videodb.exceptions import AuthenticationError, InvalidRequestError

try:
    conn = videodb.connect()
except AuthenticationError:
    print("Check your VIDEO_DB_API_KEY")

try:
    video = coll.upload(url="https://example.com/video.mp4")
except InvalidRequestError as e:
    print(f"Upload failed: {e}")
```

### Common pitfalls

| Scenario | Error message | Solution |
|----------|--------------|----------|
| Indexing an already-indexed video | `Spoken word index for video already exists` | Use `video.index_spoken_words(force=True)` to skip if already indexed |
| Scene index already exists | `Scene index with id XXXX already exists` | Extract the existing `scene_index_id` from the error with `re.search(r"id\s+([a-f0-9]+)", str(e))` |
| Search finds no matches | `InvalidRequestError: No results found` | Catch the exception and treat as empty results (`shots = []`) |
| Reframe times out | Blocks indefinitely on long videos | Use `start`/`end` to limit segment, or pass `callback_url` for async |
| Negative timestamps on Timeline | Silently produces broken stream | Always validate `start >= 0` before creating `VideoAsset` |
| `generate_video()` / `create_collection()` fails | `Operation not allowed` or `maximum limit` | Plan-gated features — inform the user about plan limits |

## Additional docs

Reference documentation is in the `reference/` directory adjacent to this SKILL.md file. Use the Glob tool to locate it if needed.

- [reference/api-reference.md](reference/api-reference.md) - Complete VideoDB Python SDK API reference
- [reference/index.md](reference/index.md) - Scene indexing & extraction workflow (index, extract frames, read back, manage)
- [reference/index-reference.md](reference/index-reference.md) - Scene index code reference (methods, SceneCollection/Scene/Frame classes)
- [reference/search.md](reference/search.md) - In-depth guide to video search (spoken word and scene-based)
- [reference/editor.md](reference/editor.md) - Timeline editing workflow guide (4-layer model, use cases, examples)
- [reference/editor-reference.md](reference/editor-reference.md) - Editor code reference (constructors, parameters, enums)
- [reference/streaming.md](reference/streaming.md) - HLS streaming and instant playback
- [reference/generative.md](reference/generative.md) - AI-powered media generation (images, video, audio)
- [reference/rtstream.md](reference/rtstream.md) - Live stream ingestion workflow (RTSP/RTMP)
- [reference/rtstream-reference.md](reference/rtstream-reference.md) - RTStream SDK methods and AI pipelines
- [reference/capture.md](reference/capture.md) - Desktop capture workflow
- [reference/capture-reference.md](reference/capture-reference.md) - Capture SDK and WebSocket events
- [reference/use-cases.md](reference/use-cases.md) - Common video processing patterns and examples

## Screen Recording (Desktop Capture)

Use `ws_listener.py` to capture WebSocket events during recording sessions. Desktop capture supports **macOS** only.

### Quick Start

1. **Start listener**: `python scripts/ws_listener.py --cwd=<PROJECT_ROOT> &`
2. **Get WebSocket ID**: `cat /tmp/videodb_ws_id`
3. **Run capture code** (see reference/capture.md for full workflow)
4. **Events written to**: `/tmp/videodb_events.jsonl`

### Query Events

```python
import json
events = [json.loads(l) for l in open("/tmp/videodb_events.jsonl")]

# Get all transcripts
transcripts = [e["data"]["text"] for e in events if e.get("channel") == "transcript"]

# Get visual descriptions from last 5 minutes
import time
cutoff = time.time() - 300
recent_visual = [e for e in events 
                 if e.get("channel") == "visual_index" and e["unix_ts"] > cutoff]
```

### Utility Scripts

- [scripts/ws_listener.py](scripts/ws_listener.py) - WebSocket event listener (dumps to JSONL)

For complete capture workflow, see [reference/capture.md](reference/capture.md).


**Do not use ffmpeg, moviepy, or local encoding tools** when VideoDB supports the operation. The following are all handled server-side by VideoDB — trimming, combining clips, overlaying audio or music, adding subtitles, text/image overlays, transcoding, resolution changes, aspect-ratio conversion, resizing for platform requirements, transcription, volume control, fade transitions, and media generation. Only fall back to local tools for operations listed under Limitations in reference/editor.md (speed changes, crop/zoom, colour grading, keyframe animation).

### When to use what

| Problem | VideoDB solution |
|---------|-----------------|
| Platform rejects video aspect ratio or resolution | `video.reframe()` or `conn.transcode()` with `VideoConfig` |
| Need to resize video for Twitter/Instagram/TikTok | `video.reframe(target="vertical")` or `target="square"` |
| Need to change resolution (e.g. 1080p → 720p) | `conn.transcode()` with `VideoConfig(resolution=720)` |
| Need to overlay audio/music on video | `AudioAsset` on an Editor `Timeline` with volume control |
| Need to add subtitles | `video.add_subtitle()` or `CaptionAsset` on Editor `Timeline` |
| Need to combine/trim clips | `VideoAsset` on an Editor `Timeline` |
| Need to compose images with voiceover | `ImageAsset` + `AudioAsset` on separate Editor tracks |
| Need to generate voiceover, music, or SFX | `coll.generate_voice()`, `generate_music()`, `generate_sound_effect()` |